Automatic detection and identification of defective spark plugs in internal combustion engines

The use of the developed method and equipment results in the automatic detection and identification of defective spark plugs in internal combustion engines. This diagnosis can be performed either during the assembly process of spark plugs in the engine, preventing the defective engine from advancing in the production line, or in workshops during maintenance inspections. The monitoring and diagnostic process is carried out automatically and without interference with the engine and is primarily designed for use on engine assembly lines in automobile manufacturing plants, specifically during the installation of spark plugs in the engine. The malfunction of a spark plug detected by the proposed system may originate from a defective spark plug, or from an incorrect gap outside the permissible dimensional tolerance between the spark plug electrodes, which would result in an abnormal spark or even the absence of a spark. During the operation of installing spark plugs in engines, it is common for the electrodes to be struck when inserting the spark plug into its housing in the engine cylinder head. In some cases, the intensity of the impact causes deformation or displacement of the ground electrode of the spark plug, which can result in defective sparks or the absence of sparks altogether. This malfunction can lead to poor or even nonexistent combustion in the affected cylinder, causing an increase in pollutant emissions or the engine to shut down.