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NANOSTRUCTURES FOR DIAGNOSING ALLERGIES TO BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS, METHODS FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND APPLICATIONS
WO21160920
Allergic reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics are a serious health problem, and current diagnostic tools have several disadvantages. In vivo tests put the patient at risk with the possibility of re-inducing the allergic reaction, while in vitro tests lack sufficient sensitivity. The most widely used in vitro tests consist of the quantification of specific IgE in serum, and the activation of basophils with the drug in blood. The present invention provides a reliable method that allows the evaluation of the allergic reaction to amoxicillin, although it could be extended to other beta-lactam antibiotics, with a high diagnostic sensitivity. It consists of the activation of effector cells through passive cell assays using patient serum to sensitize effector cells, mast cell lines or basophils, and stimulating with novel multivalent nanostructures defined. For this, the synthesis and preparation of these nanostructures that present epitopes of amoxicillin separated by an optimal distance for cell activation to occur have been described.
This invention has the following advantages: Performing the in vitro test avoids exposing the patient to in vivo tests, which are contraindicated in the most severe reactions. Remarkable increase in the sensitivity of the diagnostic test compared to other in vitro techniques. It requires patient serum (easy to preserve), advantageous compared to the blood necessary for the basophil activation test, for which the sample needs to be extracted on the same day of the test. The protocol for obtaining and characterizing the nanostructures provides molecules with well-defined structures and optimal purity, the use of which in these assays implies a high reproducibility of the results obtained for each patient. Belonging to the Health sector. It is part of procedures for obtaining new nanostructures based on dendrimers. Application to the diagnosis of allergies to beta-lactam antibiotics.